ABSTRACT Throughout this interview, Professor Maura Corcini Lopes, from the Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, develops a range of analyzes related to the education of the deaf people, starting from a resumption of the articles published in the Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial on the education of the deaf, throughout the three decades of the existence of this journal. She invites the reader to reflect on the types of knowledge produced about deafness and the ways in which the subjects with deafness were being narrated during this period. When looking back at the last 30 years of proposing education policies in Brazil, Professor Maura problematizes the effects of these policies in the organization of school practices aimed at deaf students and the way in which the society relates to difference, after inclusion policies.

RESUMO Ao longo da presente entrevista, a Professora Maura Corcini Lopes, da Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, desenvolve um conjunto de análises relativas à educação de surdos, a partir de uma retomada dos artigos publicados na Revista Brasileira de Educação Especial sobre a educação de surdos, ao longo das três décadas de existência desse periódico. Ela convida o leitor a refletir sobre os tipos de saberes produzidos sobre a surdez e as formas como os sujeitos com surdez foram sendo narrados nesse período. Ao voltar a olhar para os últimos 30 anos de proposição de políticas educacionais no Brasil, a Professora Maura problematiza os efeitos dessas políticas na organização de práticas escolares destinados aos alunos surdos e na forma como a sociedade se relaciona com a diferença, pós-políticas de inclusão.

In the present work, the sol-gel synthesis method was employed as strategy to obtain a magnetic and mesoporous silica-niobia material. The planned synthesis was based on the hetero-condensation of niobium and silicon alkoxide precursors, in the presence of spherical magnetite particles. The resulting material presented interesting characteristics such as magnetism, large mesopores, in the range from 20 to 50 nm, and 68 m2 g-1 of surface area. These features allowed its use as modifier of carbon paste electrode for p-nitrophenol determination, since niobia has never been used in electrochemical sensors for the determination of nitrophenol compounds. By using differential pulse voltammetry technique, the electrode can be applied in a wide range of p-nitrophenol concentration, from 10 to 490 μmol L-1, with a limit of detection of 1.2 µmol L-1 and sensitivity up to 0.60 µA L µmol-1. The proposed electrode presented good sensitivity and selectivity and it was applied in real water samples.

ABSTRACT Background: Over-the-counter use of ivermectin amongst other drugs as SARS-CoV-2 treatment has been increasingly common, despite the lack of evidence on its clinical efficacy. Objective: To evaluate the effect of ivermectin use on production of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in health care workers (HCW) diagnosed with COVID-19 and of Th1/Th2 cytokines by stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the same cohort (PBMCs). Methods: This cross-sectional study evaluated seroconversion and neutralizing antibodies production in HCW at Complexo Hospitalar Universitário Professor Edgard Santos (Salvador, Brazil), diagnosed with COVID-19 from May to July, 2020, as well as in vitro production of antibody against SARS-CoV-2 and Th1/Th2 cytokines. Analyses were performed between December 2020 and February 2021. Participants were stratified according to the use of ivermectin (≤ 1 dose vs. multiple doses) for treatment of COVID-19. Results: 45 HCW were included (62% women). Mean age was 39 years, and disease severity was similar across groups. Neutralizing antibodies were detected less frequently in multiple doses (70%) vs. ≤ 1 dose (97%) groups, p = 0.02). PBMCs of patients in multiple doses group also were less likely to produce antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 following in vitro stimulation with purified spike protein in comparison with patients in ≤ 1 dose group (p < 0.001). PBMC’s production of Th1/Th2 cytokines levels was similar across groups. Abdominal pain (15% vs 46%, p = 0.04), diarrhea (21% vs. 55%, p = 0.05) and taste perversion (0% vs. 18%, p = 0.05) were more frequently reported by participants that used multiple doses of ivermectin. Conclusions: Although there was no evidence for differential disease severity upon ivermectin use for treatment of COVID-19 it was associated with more gastro-intestinal side-effects and impairment of anti-SARS-CoV2 antibodies production, in a dose dependent manner. This potentially impacts the effectiveness of immune response and the risk of reinfection and warrants additional studies for clarifying the mechanisms and consequences of such immunomodulatory effects.

RESUMO Este artigo objetiva problematizar o processo de avaliação do sujeito com Deficiência Intelectual (DI) e seus efeitos em termos de definição, de classificação e de diagnósticos produzidos sobre a DI. As discussões propostas partem de uma análise referente às diferentes abordagens presentes nos manuais da Associação Americana de Deficiência Intelectual e de Desenvolvimento (AAIDD, 2010 e AAMR, 2006) e suas (re)significações. Procuramos colocar sob tensionamento discursos utilizados para delimitar quem são os sujeitos com DI; que características os constituem; que comportamentos os caracterizam; que potencialidades em termos de aprendizagens eles possuem e que apoios necessitam no contexto educacional. Em articulação com tais análises, apresentamos os dados produzidos no projeto “As contribuições do Rio Grande do Sul para a validação da Escala de Intensidade de Suporte - SIS no Brasil”. Amparadas teoricamente nas discussões socioantropológicas propostas por Lev S. Vigotski, tomamos tais dados como elementos para a construção de uma análise que nos possibilite indicar que faz-se possível (e necessário) um olhar para a DI que não parta dos indicadores de QI, historicamente responsável pela delimitação da DI em níveis de severidade, cujas possibilidades de desenvolvimento passaram a ser antecipadamente indicadas pelos diagnósticos clínicos. Nesse sentido, entendemos que, ao deslocarmos a ênfase do diagnóstico do QI para os sistemas de apoio, passamos a perceber um sujeito produzido nas práticas culturais, cujas possibilidades de desenvolvimento e aprendizagem não são exclusivamente determinadas pelos seus aspectos biológicos, mas, sim e principalmente, pelas interações sociais que ele estabelece ao longo de seu desenvolvimento.

ABSTRACT This paper aims at problematizing the assessment process of subjects with Intellectual Disabilities (ID), and its effects in terms of definition, classification and diagnoses produced on ID. The proposed discussions stem from an analysis of the different approaches presented in the manuals of the American Association for Intellectual and Developmental Disability (AAIDD, 2010 and AAMR, 2006) and their (re)significations. We seek to put under tension the discourses used to define who the subjects with ID are; what characteristics constitute them; what behaviors characterize them; what learning potential they have and what supports they need in the educational context. In articulation with these analyzes, we present data produced in the project “The contributions of Rio Grande do Sul for the validation of the Support Intensity Scale - SIS, in Brazil”. Based theoretically on the socio-anthropological discussions proposed by Lev S. Vygotsky, we consider the data as elements for the construction of an analysis that indicates the possibility (and necessity) to look at the ID from a perspective other than one that derives from IQ indicators, which are historically responsible for the delimitation of ID in levels of severity, whose development possibilities were previously indicated by clinical diagnoses.

Thin films containing silver nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed, with narrow size distribution below 10 nm, were synthesized on flat glass surface, by using an ionic silsesquioxane as stabilizer and crosslinking agent. The films can be prepared without previous functionalization of substrate surfaces and without addition of other components. The films were heat treated up to 200 ºC and characterized by ultraviolet-visible, transmission electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and ellipsometry. The films were thermally stable when heated up to 200 ºC, presenting the same thickness, and maintaining both optical and morphological properties of silver nanoparticles. The antibacterial activity of the films, containing the silver nanoparticles, was evaluated against Staphylococcus aureus by using the film applicator coating method, showing an excellent performance even after the third cycle of sterilization.

The specific consumption and carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxide (NO) emissions from gasolines formulated with ethanol, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) and tert-amyl ethyl ether (TAEE) were evaluated in the rich, stoichiometric and lean-burn regions during the operation of an Otto-cycle engine. The use of ethanol as an additive presented high specific consumption, while gasoline formulated with TAEE showed low specific consumption with the engine operating under lean-burn conditions. The ethers evaluated here presented a low percentage of CO in the rich-burn region when compared with ethanol.

Using a sampling method of particulate matter (PM) without the use of a dilution tunnel allows for evaluations of the volatile hydrocarbons (HC) in the emissions of diesel cycle engines. The procedure in this work applied a heated filter with temperature controlled. The volatile compounds are condensed at low temperature, allowing for evaluation of the HC by thermal desorption of the PM and for analysis of the condensed compounds of the exhaust gases.

Este artigo apresenta um procedimento para determinar a condutividade térmica de gases através de injeção por pulso, utilizando um detector de condutividade térmica (TCD). As medidas foram efetuadas à 323K e pressão atmosférica, com um sensor de filamento de tungstênio de 160 ômega. Através de aproximações bem definidas, foi possível transformar uma equação de segunda ordem não-linear, que descreve a saída do sensor como uma função de condutividade térmica e calor específico a volume constante (Cv), em uma equação linear de primeira ordem. De acordo com esta equação, o sinal elétrico do sensor, elevado ao quadrado e integrado em função do tempo, multiplicado pelo Cv, é proporcional a razão do Cv pela condutividade térmica. Os resultados experimentais obtidos com os gases Ar, N2, O2, CH4, CO2, C2H4, C3H6 e i-C4H8 estão de acordo com o modelo teórico proposto e a correlação de linearidade confirma a validade do método proposto.

This paper presents a procedure to determine the thermal conductivity of gases by pulse injection, using a thermal conductivity detector (TCD). The measurements are taken at 323K and atmospheric pressure with a 160 omega tungsten filament sensor. Under well defined approximations the original nonlinear second order equation, which describes the sensors output, as a function of thermal conductivity and constant volume specific heat was transformed into a linear first order equation. According to this equation the time integrated, second order sensors electrical output signal, multiplied by the constant volume heat capacity is proportional to the constant volume heat capacity, divided by the thermal conductivity. The experimental results obtained with Ar, N2, O2, CH4, CO2, C2H4, C3H6 and i-C4H8 gases are in good agreement with the proposed theoretical model and the linearity correlation confirms the validity of the proposed method.